Reacted melamine in polyurethane, with metals and graphite, for fire safety and reduced smoke emission. Melamine was not used as such but was reacted into the polyol. This melamine derived polyol was combined into rigid polyurethane foam at 30 %w/w, with 0 – 5 % w/w of a copper – sulphur – molybdenum compound and 0 or 15% expanded graphite. Fire performance was considerably improved at the highest PIN FR loadings: LOI increased by c. 100% and peak heat release rate reduced by nearly 80%, smoke production rate reduced by over 60% and reduced carbon monoxide emission. The expanded graphite showed the strongest fire protection effects. The inclusion of the melamine polyol considerably deteriorates foam mechanical properties (compressive strength, cell structure) but this deterioration was mitigated by the addition of expanded graphite and the metals compound.
“Tri-phase flame retardant system towards advanced energy-saving building materials with highly efficient fire and smoke toxicity reductions”, Y. Yuan et al. Construction and Building Materials 433 (2024) 136719 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2024.136719