A very wide range of different flame retardants are today needed to achieve fire safety in materials with very different and demanding mechanical, electrical, aesthetic or other properties. This makes end-of-life recycling complex. Different recycling routes are being developed: mechanical recycling, for which the key is sorting of input plastics, chemical (pyrolysis) and solvent-based. Research into fate of PIN FRs in different recycling routes is still at an early stage. Several studies show that PIN FRs can be compatible with mechanical recycling, because they are durable and so compatible with several ageing in product, re-melting compounding, reprocessing cycles. Some data shows that PIN FRs can be compatible with chemical recycling. More research is needed into possible recovery for reuse of PIN FRs in such processes. pinfa is currently assessing where research is needed, and is interested in contacts with projects looking at PIN FRs in recycling.